EMT Refresher Unit 4 Quiz

1 / 23

A woman strikes her forehead against the dashboard of her car as it strikes a tree. Immediately following the impact, her brain shifts back and forth within her skull. Based on the anatomy and physiology of the skull, which statement is true?

The ridges of the basilar skull can damage the brain as it moves back and forth

The frontal bone is the thinnest portion of the skull and will most likely be fractured

The patient's brain will most likely not be damaged because the skull's flexibility is designed to absorb the force of the impact

2 / 23

A patient has been stabbed in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Which solid organ should the EMT be most concerned with being injured?

Liver

stomach

Kidney

3 / 23

Paradoxical movement indicates a:

flail chest.

pneumothorax.

cardiac tamponade

4 / 23

Which of the following best describes the mediastinum?

The space between the inner and outer lining of the lungs

The space that houses the heart, aorta, and esophagus

The fibrous sac surrounding the heart

5 / 23

When caring for an injury to the face, it is important to watch out for ________ and ensure that nothing is accidentally forced into the patient’s airway.

broken teeth or dental appliances

supplemental oxygen

penetrating trauma to the back

6 / 23

The central nervous system is made up of:

the cranium and vertebrae.

the peripheral nerves.

the brain and spinal column.

7 / 23

Your patient has an open fracture of the ulna. Which of the following is the first thing you should do?

Immobilize the joints above and below the injury with a sling

Secure the injured extremity to the body with a swathe

Cut away clothing to expose the injury site, then control bleeding.

8 / 23

A patient presents with an angulated upper arm after a gymnastics accident. This patient likely has an injury to which of the following bones?

Humerus

Ulna

Scapula

9 / 23

Which of the following are components of the musculoskeletal system?

Brain, heart, lungs

Tongue, trachea, stomach

Muscles, bones, joints

10 / 23

In your opinion, your geriatric patient’s fall was due to syncope rather than any underlying condition. Which of the following would be the correct treatment?

Check him for injuries and advise him to see a health care professional as soon as possible.

Keep the patient cool and ask him to eat something, in case he is having a diabetic emergency.

Tell him to sit on the porch with his feet on the steps, then lean over and put his head between his knees.

11 / 23

The term ________ describes the failure of the body’s circulatory system to provide an adequate supply of well-oxygenated blood and nutrients to all vital organs.

hypotension

shock

sepsis

12 / 23

The patient is increasingly anxious and begins to thrash around. What should you do?

Ask medical direction for permission to sedate the patient.

Ask medical direction for permission to restrain the patient until law enforcement arrives.

Reassure the patient, help him to keep still, and initiate transport as soon as possible.

13 / 23

A 4-year-old male has fallen off a play structure at the park. He presents with an abrasion to his right shoulder, which is oozing a small amount of dark blood. This type of bleeding is best classified as:

capillary bleeding.

arterial bleeding.

potentially life threatening.

14 / 23

You have rescued a 22-year-old man who fell through the ice into a pond. You suspect he is severely hypothermic, therefore you should:

get him to a warm environment, remove wet clothing, and cover him with blankets.

begin rewarming procedures immediately

immerse him in a hot bath until the ambulance arrives.

15 / 23

Body heat is lost by ________ when surrounding warmer air rises and is replaced by cooler air.

radiation

circulation

convection

16 / 23

Which of the following is a late sign of frostbite?

Numbness and tingling in the exposed area

Slow or absent capillary refill

Skin is pale and waxy.

17 / 23

You are responding to a construction site on a hot day where a person has become dizzy. On your arrival, you find a patient lying on the ground being fanned by his friends. He is sweating heavily. This patient most likely has:

become exhausted.

anaphylaxis.

hyperthermia.

18 / 23

Your patient is bleeding profusely from a wound to her wrist. There are no dressings immediately available. What should you do first?

Apply a tourniquet

Apply direct pressure with your gloved hand

Call for the ambulance to bring dressings

19 / 23

A patient has bright red blood spurting from a laceration on his leg. This bleeding is best described as:

arterial bleeding

capillary bleeding

aortic bleeding

20 / 23

A patient has swelling and deformity in her right upper thigh after a motor vehicle crash. You are concerned about an injury to which bone?

clavicle

femur

patella

21 / 23

All unresponsive trauma patients should be assumed to have which of the following?

Intoxication

High blood sugar

Spinal injury

22 / 23

A young man has fallen head first from the roof of a three-story building onto a grassy surface. You should:

not consider spinal injury since he fell onto a soft surface.

ask him to stand to assess for spinal injury.

suspect injury to the cervical spine.

23 / 23

Your patient was injured when his airbag deployed during a head-on collision. To begin your assessment, you first:

palpate for signs of deformity.

pay attention to any soft or spongy areas.

remove or cut away clothing to expose the chest.

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